What is Patient Monitors & How does a patient monitor Work?

27/07/2022

Patient monitor is a patient monitoring system that is used to measure various physiological parameters of a patient in hospital. Monitors may be used for a variety of purposes, including diagnostics, treatment and patient care. Patient monitor parameters that may be monitored include heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and more. There are a variety of different types of patient monitors available, each with its own set of parameters that can be monitored. 

In this blog, we'll discuss patient monitors in detail like "what is a patient monitor and how do they work". There is also a brief guide about types of patient monitor, patient monitor parameter and best patient monitors available in market.

What is a Patient monitor ?

Patient monitors are used in many ways to help monitor a patient's vital signs and other health information. They can be used to help monitor a patient's response to medical treatments or as part of long-term care for people by continuous monitoring of their parameters such as Spo2, blood pressure, temperature, respiratory rate, and other health information. 

A patient monitor is an essential part of care for medical facilities, clinics, and doctors' offices. This device helps to provide a comprehensive summary of a patient's health by continually monitoring their vital signs. In emergency situations, a patient monitor can be lifesaving by instantly indicating the vital signs of the patient. It also helps keep a check on the patient's postoperative recovery by providing accurate and timely information about their vitals. This device is essential for early detection of any potential complications that could arise.

How does a patient monitor Work?

Patient monitors allow caregivers to monitor patients more closely, provide valuable information about the patient's health, and potentially prevent complications. Patient monitors vary in their capabilities, but all work by collecting data from sensors placed on or around the body. This data is then processed and analyzed to provide caregivers with critical information about the patient's condition on display. This information also stored in internal memory patient monitor device.

For Continuous monitoring of patient, some small sensors attached to patient's body and fingers that transmit parameters to the monitor. Different probe provide different parameter, such as spo2 probe gives spo2 reading where's temperature probe gives information about temperature. These vital signs will be shown on the patient monitor's display in the form of numbers and waveforms. Patient monitors display the numeric vital signs on the right and the waveforms on the left, which gives a general overview of the real-time parameters. 




The patient monitors could record and track different information, but most of them will record the following patient parameters :

  • Heart Rate (HR) or ECG Parameter
  • Blood Pressure 
  • Spo2 Saturation (Oxygen Level)
  • Respiration Rate (RR)
  • ETCo2 Parameters
  • Temperature parameter  

Here is a video about how does a patient monitor work.

What are the different types of patient monitors?

Patient monitors are classified into different types on basis of patient monitor parameters and their functions. 

1. Vital Sign Patient Monitor :

Vital sign Monitors are basic patient monitors. This patient monitor device gives information about basic parameters such NIBP, SpO2 and pulse rate. They have also known as 3 para patient monitor (If patient monitor tracks all three(NIBP, SpO2 and pulse rate) parameters or 2 para patient monitor (if patient monitor tracks only two patient parameters).

2. Mulitpara Patient Monitor :

This patient monitor is design to give multiple parameters includes more such as ECG(HR), Spo2, Pulse rate, NIBP, Temperature and more. Multipara monitors also come with optional parameters such Etco2 parameter, Dual IBP, AGM, ICG, Thermal Recorder. If a patient monitor tracks five parameters of the patient, then it is known as a 5 para patient monitor and if it tracks 7 parameters, then it is a 7 para patient monitor. 

3. ETCO2 patient Monitor :

In Some Mulitpara patient monitor, A CO2 waveform may also be presented, which is a useful clinical tool for evaluating patient airway integrity and endotracheal tube placement. Those Patient Monitors who tracks CO2 concentration in these breathing gases, known as ETCO2 patient monitor.

4. Central Patient Monitoring System :

Central Patient monitors include depending on their configuration Different modules, including ECG, breathing rate, NIBP and IBP, body temperature, SpO2, SvO2, MeasuringETCO2, intracranial and respiratory gas output, ETCO2 Concerning the concentrations. It includes computing and extra displays to monitor trend information; some also include full communication capacities.

Vital Sign, Multipara, ETCO2 monitors also known as Bedside patient monitors that are typically attached to the bedpost or headboard of a patient's bed and provide real-time monitoring of vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate) and more general data (temperature, levels of oxygen or carbon dioxide).

Conclusion :

Patient monitors are medical devices that are used to monitor the health of a patient. They can be used to track vital signs, heart rate, breathing, and more. Patient monitors can also be used to provide real-time updates on the patient's health status. There are different types of patient monitor.

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